Water pollution prevention Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

urine pollution prevention - Research Paper ExampleFor a sustainable life on planet earth, irrigate is one of the most important indispensable commodity without which survival of humane life and solely the other life forms is not possible. It affects our economy, health and lifestyle.The major utilization of this re citation is in industries such as agriculture, hydroelectric power generation, transportation, industry along with domestic and commercial uses. Major portions of the earths pop are covered with irrigate in the form of oceans and ice caps and therefore difficult to recover however, that 3% of these peeing supply bodies (rivers, lakes) constitute fresh pee available for human consumption. Also rain urine is a major source of our water supply supply on earth. Water pollution has become a worldwide environmental issue due to rapid industrialization, population boom, change magnitude economic activities and demand for fresh water has increased manifolds in the past years. Any detrimental variation (physical, chemical or biological) in the domain of water by contamination of harmful substances is known as water pollution (Goel1). It influences all the water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans and ground water. It affects human beings, plants, animals, birds and fish etc. and is responsible for disturbing the natural ecosystem on earth. There are several sources for water contamination however there are two base routes through which these contaminants enter surface water, ground water, drinking water and soil/sediment water. (a) Point source pollution. The discharge of distinct pollutant sources directly into water bodies and aquatic systems (USEPA 14). For example 1. Domestic/Municipal sewage The gas water generated from household/commercial activities contains organic (food waste) and inorganic waste (nitrates and phosphates) (WWF 2). The amount of organic waste that water bodies can degrade is determined in terms of Biological group O demand. BOD is the amount of oxygen required by the microorganisms to decompose organic matter and thus the higher amount of BOD in a water body signifies that it is polluted with organic waste. However, inorganic wastes produced largely by soaps and detergents are non-degradable and upon ingress the water bodies causes serious implications on ecosystem. 2. Industrial effluents Waste water containing organic pollutants and toxic chemicals (lead, mercury, nitrates and phosphates) from manufacturing and processing industries causes water pollution. Also, disposal of solid and vapourous wastes from nuclear and thermal power plants are a source of water pollution (Agarwal 37). 3. Agriculture verdant wastes include manure, slurries and run off. Manure being rich in nitrates and phosphates seeps in the sediments/ground water causing water pollution. 4. Atmospheric gases As a result of industrial gaseous emissions and automobile exhaust the concentration of dissolved gases such as ni trogen, oxygen, sulphur dioxide, ammonia and carbon dioxide is increased sufficiently in atmosphere. Subsequently, the water in close proximity to these polluted areas becomes concentrated with these gases resulting in water pollution (Agarwal 39). (b) Non-point source pollution (NPS) Contaminants entering indirectly into water bodies through ground/soil water or atmosphere through rain comprise of NPS. These include gaseous emissions from factories, automobiles, agricultural run-off etc. (USEPA 13). Agricultural NPS is the leading source of water quality degradation and is majorly caused by runoff soils carrying fertilizers, growth hormone residue, pesticides and plodding metals etc. Other sources of water pollution include spillage of oil and harmful substances in water bodies, atmospheric deposition, marine dumping, radioactive wastes and global warming. All of these have devastating and extensive damage effects on aquatic life (Agarwal 37). Harmful effects of water pollution a re 1. Source of contaminants/pathogens to human beings According to UN world water Assessment Program, around 2.3